[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-035":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-115-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-035","nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-035",115,2,35,"有關菸害防制的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"抽菸時所產生的焦油會致癌","尼古丁是戒菸時造成戒斷症狀的主因","孕婦抽菸尼古丁會藉由胎盤傳給胎兒","建議改用電子煙替代傳統菸以幫助戒菸","D",null,[],"本題考點在於菸害成分的健康危害與戒菸方法的正確性。依我國菸害防制法規範,電子煙屬類菸品,不僅未經核准為戒菸輔助品,其霧化液仍含尼古丁與多種有害物質,無法作為戒菸手段,故建議改用電子煙替代傳統菸的敘述最不適當,選 D。A 正確,菸品燃燒產生的焦油含多環芳香烴等致癌物,與肺癌、口腔癌相關。B 正確,尼古丁是造成成癮與戒菸戒斷症狀(煩躁、焦慮、注意力不集中、渴菸)的主要成分。C 正確,尼古丁分子量小、脂溶性高,可通過胎盤影響胎兒,造成子宮內生長遲滯與低出生體重。","菸品三大有害成分可分工記憶:尼古丁負責成癮與心血管收縮,焦油負責致癌,一氧化碳負責與血紅素結合(親和力約為氧氣的 200 倍以上)造成組織缺氧,也是孕婦抽菸導致胎兒缺氧的機轉。合法的戒菸藥物包含尼古丁替代療法(貼片、口嚼錠、吸入劑)與非尼古丁類的 varenicline、bupropion,配合門診戒菸治療與二代戒菸服務給付;電子煙與加熱菸並不在其中,且對青少年具入門效應(gateway effect)。可延伸複習概念:二手菸與三手菸的暴露途徑、五 A(Ask、Advise、Assess、Assist、Arrange)與五 R 衛教架構、無菸環境立法與菸品健康福利捐的政策工具。",[24,26,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":10},"菸害防制法",{"term":27,"count":28},"尼古丁成癮與戒斷",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"焦油致癌性",{"term":32,"count":28},"電子煙類菸品",{"term":34,"count":28},"尼古丁通過胎盤",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-036","陳先生的膽固醇 255 mg\u002FdL、糖化血色素（HbA1c）8%，經就醫治療，加上運動及飲食調配，目前狀況穩定。陳先生說「我知道我可以做到，並且達到降低膽固醇及血糖回復到正常值目標」。根據 Pender 健康促進模式，是符合何項評估要素？",36,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":10,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-002","有關精神醫學第四次革新運動的敘述，下列何者正確？",106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":28},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-016","承上題，下列那些因素可能造成劉先生產生上述行為？①退化 ②急性創傷 ③知覺刺激過多 ④腦血管損傷",16,107,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-054","下列何者為學校護理師執行的非例行性教學？",54,108,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":28},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-018","王小姐被診斷為憂鬱症，她最常使用的防衛機轉，下列敘述何者正確？",18,110,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":28},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-052","下列何者為永續經營社區健康營造中心最不需考量的重點？",52,111,"2026-08-06",1787299017158]